Beginning Databases with PostgreSQL: From Novice to by Neil Matthew Richard Stones

By Neil Matthew Richard Stones

PostgreSQL is likely one of the world’s most well liked Open resource relational database platforms. it truly is well known for its wide selection of services, and its skill to accomplish services no longer to be had in different databases. The coming near near unlock of  PostgreSQL 8.0 in past due 2004/early 2005 will comprise significant revisions, resembling Win32 local help, and this publication will give you the instruments for a person making the transition or studying approximately PostgreSQL for the 1st time. This ebook introduces readers to some of the such a lot admired beneficial properties, at the same time introducing key relational database layout and administration rules that might aid the amateur reader successfully deal with their data-driven software. Over one hundred fifty pages of insurance is dedicated to the most well-liked PostgreSQL APIs, together with personal home page, Perl, Java and C. clients of all degrees will get pleasure from the 50 pages of condensed reference fabric masking PostgreSQL info varieties, syntax, the psql customer, and massive item aid.

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Extra resources for Beginning Databases with PostgreSQL: From Novice to Professional, Second Edition (Beginning from Novice to Professional)

Sample text

Another problem with spreadsheets is their strict two dimensions. Suppose we also wanted to store details of each order a customer placed. We could start putting order information next to each customer, but as the number of orders per customer grew, the spreadsheet would get more and more complex. Consider the outcome when we start trying to add some basic order information for each customer, as shown in Figure 2-3. Unfortunately, it’s not looking quite so elegant anymore. We now have rows of arbitrary length, which does not give us an easy way to calculate how much each customer has spent with us.

Fm Page 23 Monday, January 24, 2005 4:18 PM CHAPTER 2 ■ RELATIONAL DATABASE PRINCIPLES We simply give each customer a unique number, and bingo, we have a distinct way to tell customers apart, regardless of whether they change their phone number, move to a new residence, or even change their name. This type of addition to a row to provide a unique key when no good choice exists in the actual data is called adding a surrogate key. This is such a common occurrence in real-world data that there is even a special data type in most databases, the serial data type, to help solve the problem.

It is used to create result sets that are groups of records (or attributes from records) that match a particular set of criteria. The criteria can be quite complex if required. These result sets can then be used as the targets for changes with an UPDATE statement or deleted with a DELETE statement. lname These SELECT statements list all the customers, all the customer orders, and count the orders each customer has made, respectively. We will see the results of these SQL statements in Chapter 2, and learn much more about SELECT in Chapter 4.

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