Closing the Gap in Education and Technology (World Bank by David M. De Ferranti

By David M. De Ferranti

The elemental parts to unlocking the potential for know-how to hurry up fiscal development in Latin the United States and the Caribbean (LAC) are making an investment in schooling, starting up new applied sciences via international alternate and funding, and inspiring inner most region examine and improvement. 'Closing the distance in schooling and expertise' advises Latin American and Caribbean governments to handle the region's deficits in talents and expertise, and thereby improve productiveness, finally bettering development customers. to shut this 'productivity hole' within the zone, the file demands a number of coverage ways and methods, reckoning on a country's point of improvement. It identifies 3 innovative phases in a country's technological evolution -- adoption, variation, and production -- and observes that guidelines will be designed to deal with the actual demanding situations that accompany each one level. In end, 'Closing the distance in schooling and know-how' argues that many nations within the Latin American and Caribbean area were bettering schooling and social possibility administration structures so they are actually able to enjoy the rewards linked to developing more suitable alternate and know-how ties with nations which are extra technologically complicated.

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Sample text

The Productivity Gap Throughout this chapter and in much of the report, we particularly stress the comparison between Latin America and two sets of economies: the successful East Asian “tigers,” including Hong Kong (China), Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore; and a group of countries abundant in natural resources, including Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. The comparison with the East Asian tigers is a natural one because both sets of countries started at a similar level of development in the 1960s.

In this chapter, Latin America is therefore benchmarked against the “weighted average” country in the world, although we will often stress the comparisons between Latin American countries and those in East Asia, especially the “tiger” economies (Hong Kong [China], Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore), and a group of countries that are abundant in natural resources (Australia, Canada, Finland, New Zealand, Norway, and Sweden). The Skill Gap Latin America is falling behind in the global TFP leagues. What explains this?

1 shows that the last two decades have not been good for Latin America. 78 Source: Authors’ calculations using data from Loayza, Fajnzylber, and Calderon (2002). In Latin America, the Distribution of Education among Adults Appears to Be Less Equitable than That in the East Asian Tigers and the Natural Resource–Abundant Countries The mean years of educational attainment of adults is only a summary statistic. Two countries with the same mean could have very different underlying distributions: in country A, a “medium” level of attainment could be the result of large numbers of adults with primary and tertiary education, and only a small fraction with secondary education, whereas in country B the same level of attainment could be the result of a very large number of adults with secondary education.

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