Show description

For example, a professional may be able to prevent the onset of sleep problems in young children by instructing parents on how to institute various behavioral plans early in development. Once a maladaptive sleep pattern emerges, other types of interventions may be needed. 102 In an analogous manner, other factors may steer individuals from adaptive trajectories onto maladaptive trajectories. 108 What do we know about factors that lead to the onset of maladaptive paths versus those that serve to maintain individuals on such pathways?

Unlike Piaget, who maintained that cognitive development is largely universal across cultures, Vygotsky argued that variability in cognitive development that reflects the child’s cultural experiences should be expected. As such, Vygotsky played a role in the movement toward cross-cultural and contextually oriented studies in developmental psychology. , family, peers, school, work) are considered with regard to their unique influences on development. Current Theories in DevelopmentalBehavioral Pediatrics In this section, we provide a selective review of contemporary theories and models relevant to developmental-behavioral pediatrics across five areas: (1) biological, genetic, and neurological bases for behavior; (2) transactional models of development; (3) developmental psychopathology; (4) adjustment to chronic illness; and (5) medical adherence.

Jonathan’s teachers reported that he appeared withdrawn, played by himself during free play, and had difficulty concentrating in the classroom. At home, Jonathan appeared more irritable than usual and would throw frequent temper tantrums. In addition, he had difficulty sleeping and appeared to lose interest in eating. After a couple of months, Jonathan’s behavior began to improve. However, these symptoms resurfaced a year later, when Jonathan and his mother moved into their own apartment, which necessitated a change in schools.