Neurobiology of ''Umwelt'': How Living Beings Perceive the by Alain Berthoz

By Alain Berthoz

At the start of the twentieth century, German biologist Jakob von Uexküll created the idea that of "Umwelt" to indicate the surroundings as skilled by way of an issue. this idea of atmosphere differs from the assumption of passive atmosphere and is outlined not only via actual atmosphere, yet is quite a "subjective universe", an area weighted with which means. at the present time, neuroscience offers a brand new approach to examine the brain’s potential to create a illustration of the area. while behavioural experts are demonstrating that animals have a richer psychological universe than formerly recognized. Philosophical mirrored image therefore reveals itself with extra experimental and goal information besides. approximately a century after the e-book of von Uexküll’s founding paintings ("Umwelt und Innenwelt der Tiere" was once released in 1909), neurobiologists, psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, ethologists, and philosophers revisit his mail notion on the mild of recent science

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Jacob. 2006 (English translation : Oxford Univ. Press. 2008) Berthoz A, Israel I, Zee DS, Vitte E (1989) Linear displacement can be derived from otholic information and stored on spatial maps controlling the saccadic system. Adv Oto-Rhino-Laryngol 41:76–81 Berthoz A, Israel I, Georges-Francois P, Grasso R, Tsuzuku T (1995) Spatial memory of body linear displacement: what is being stored? Science 269:95–98 Berthoz A, Rousie D (2001) Physiopathology of otolith-dependent vertigo. Contribution of the cerebral cortex and consequences of cranio-facial asymmetries.

1985). 4 Thalamocortical Resonance and Consciousness Based on research on the minimal temporal interval to sensory discrimination, we may conclude that consciousness is a noncontinuous event determined by synchronous activity in the thalamocortical system (Joliot et al. 1994). Since this activity is present during REM sleep (Llin´as and Ribary 1993) but is not seen during non-REM sleep, we may postulate further that the resonance is modulated by the brainstem and would be given content by sensory input in the awake state and by intrinsic activity during dreaming.

Edu A. Berthoz and Y. R. Llin´as neuronal elements transduce and transmit signals at a millisecond rate from the onset of sensory primitives, exhausting all sequential combinations would be awkwardly time intensive. However, at a more familiar level, it takes roughly the same amount of time to recognize that a face is familiar than that it is not. As in any sequential strategy, it take much longer to conclude nonfamiliarity, as it would require comparing it with “all known faces,” than familiarity, because with the latter the search will proceed for only as long as necessary to match.

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