By Herbert Kubicek
In the e-government examine group in addition to in lots of nationwide e-government courses, interoperability is generally noticeable as a key think about constructing potent and engaging e-services. there's additionally contract that interoperability encompasses not just mere technical criteria and interfaces, but in addition comprises organizational, criminal, and cultural features. a number of interoperability frameworks were brought on nationwide and foreign degrees, and suggestions were made for the variation of firm architectures within the public sector.
Common to a majority of these methods is their top-down deductive method, which doesn't attach rather well to the true global of e-government initiatives. by contrast, during this quantity, that is in accordance with empirical examine, the authors introduce a bottom-up inductive method of take care of the demanding situations of interoperability-related governance. in keeping with so-called “good-practice” situations of interoperability in e-government, they derive thoughts and classifications that support to discover and determine similarities and ameliorations among the instances. hence, they current an empirically dependent conceptual framework that info the choices for IT governance of interoperability in executive. moreover, their findings additionally give the opportunity to significantly investigate and increase different current frameworks.
With this paintings, which mixes varied thematic foci in addition to a ecu and a US historical past the authors situate empirical leads to the wider context of theoretical and political mirrored image. hence they supply insights into strategic offerings for CIOs in e-government at a countrywide or local point, stories and classes discovered for managers and builders in e-government initiatives, and an enormous set of empirical facts for administrative and political scientists.
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Additional resources for Organizational Interoperability in E-Government: Lessons from 77 European Good-Practice Cases
Sample text
We have mentioned that the OSI reference model was the first conception of interoperability, issued by ISO as a recommendation in 1984. allowing for the interoperation of systems of different manufacturers when required. In order to ensure interworking GOSIP was intended to serve as a procurement guideline for government agencies, which ordered their systems independently. The profile is the standard reference for all federal government agencies to use when acquiring and operating ADP (Automatic Data Processing) systems or services and communication systems or services intended to conform to ISO Open Systems Interconnection protocols which provide interoperability in a heterogeneous environment (NIST 1990, p.
G. International Business Machines (IBM), and a Bull or Siemens mainframe. , office messages, could only be sent to other affiliations connected to the same mainframe computer and not beyond. There were dedicated fixed-line connections between mainframe computers and only a few dial-up connections, which required the same data transmission rate. When IBM introduced its System Network Architecture (SNA) allowing data exchange and the exchange H. 1007/978-3-642-22502-4_2, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 17 18 2 Interoperability in Government of messages between different computers of its mainframes for different customers, the open system interconnection model (OSI) was developed as a European Initiative to challenge the emerging IBM monopoly by open standards via the International Standards Organization (ISO).
The term “integrated data processing” is well established in computer science. Similarly, centralization refers to the centralization of formerly separated databases as well as to a centralization of tasks and agencies. The term “standardization” is not only used with regard to technical standards allowing compatibility of products or processes but, as mentioned above, also to denote a coordination mechanism in the form of standard operating procedures and formal directives within organizations.