By Zbigniew Ficek
This book brings jointly and discusses for the 1st time specified analyses of the experiments with trapped ions, experiments on quantum beats, coherent inhabitants trapping, electromagnetically brought on transparency (EIT), electromagnetically brought about absorption, production of dark-states polaritons, subluminal and superluminal gentle, awareness of a Fock kingdom, and interference experiments in atom optics on atom grating, momentum distribution, and atom tunneling. This booklet is exclusive in lots of respects and may fill a spot within the literature.
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Additional resources for Quantum Interference and Coherence: Theory and Experiments
Example text
28 1 Optical Interference and Coherence The appearance of the HOM dip can be explained as follows. 61) where ∆ω is the bandwidth of the downconverted beam. e. the theoretical quantum coincidence probability clearly exhibits the HOM dip – that is, the coincidence probability vanishes for τ = 0 and approaches the classical limit of Pcd (τ ) = 1/2 as τ → ∞. 63) where I = |E0 |2 is the intensity of the input fields (assumed to be equal for both fields). Thus, for classical fields the coincidence probability is always different from zero, and normalized to I 2 , can be reduced only to 1/4.
The solid line is the theoretical prediction. From Y. Ou, L. Mandel: Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 2941 (1989). 9 shows recordings of the coincidence counting rate as a function of the position Ra of the detector Da . 2 Principles of Quantum Interference 25 which governs the spatial properties of the second-order correlation function. The good agreement between the theory and experiment indicates that photons can indeed exhibit two-photon correlations even if they are produced by two independent sources.
64) takes the form ˆ (−) (R, t) · E ˆ (+) (R, t) E 1 2 2Re =2 ω 2ε0 V √ nm d2 |d1 . 66) The interference term depends on the scalar product of the two states in which the detector is left as a result of the absorption of a photon from the superposed fields. e. d2 |d1 = 0, the interference term vanishes indicating that the two paths are distinguishable. In other words, the interference is lost if we know by which route the registered photon came to the detector. Suppose now that in an interval of time τ after the first detection, the detector registers another photon, and we calculate the joint probability of detecting two photons.