By John Monaghan, Luc Trouche, Jonathan Borwein
This e-book is an exploration of instruments and arithmetic and concerns in arithmetic schooling relating to instrument use. The booklet has 5 elements. the 1st half displays on doing a mathematical activity with varied instruments, through a mathematician's account of device use in his paintings. the second one considers prehistory and historical past: instruments within the improvement from ape to human; instruments and arithmetic within the historical international; instruments for calculating; and instruments in arithmetic guide. The 3rd half opens with a large evaluate of expertise and highbrow developments, circa 1970, and maintains with 3 case experiences of techniques in arithmetic schooling and where of instruments in those ways. The fourth half considers concerns on the topic of arithmetic directions: curriculum, review and coverage; the calculator debate; arithmetic within the genuine global; and lecturers' use of expertise. the ultimate half seems to be to the longer term: job and power layout and new kinds of job through connectivity and computing device games.
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Extra info for Tools and Mathematics
Example text
Theories of learning) with 10 1 Introduction to the Book particular emphasis on work which considers tool use; and the ascent of mathematics education as an academic field of inquiry. Chapters 8–10 present ‘case histories’ of work, which impinges on an understanding of tool use in doing and learning mathematics, in the field of mathematics education in this period: constructionism; activity theory; and French didactics of mathematics. We were aware from an early stage in the planning of this book that it was unrealistic to attempt to cover every theoretical framework employed in mathematics education research and we chose the three areas that we thought would be most productive in terms of tool use.
As a result ∠DOE ¼ ∠FOE and ∠COF has been trisected. I went off on this little tangent on trisecting an angle to show how a little change in one tool, a visible central axis, changed the mathematics that was possible with the tool; note, however, that this feature, the central axis, is itself a mathematical feature, a line of symmetry. Other points of interest are: (1) the compass was not used in this trisection; (2) the change in the tool was the product of an accident, not of design (the production process caused a visible central axis).
2) are not explicit in either Fig. 1; the mathematical relationships which the compass makes explicit and the mathematical relationships which may aid the proof are subtlety different. Before proceeding with the next tool for doing this task I go on to consider a related task, trisecting an angle. In general, this task cannot be done with a straight edge and a compass. Some angles can be trisected using a straight edge and a compass; for example, an angle for which a straight edge and a compass construction is possible for one third of the angle (so 90 can be trisected using a straight edge and a compass because 30 can be constructed in this way but 60 cannot be trisected using a straight edge and a compass because 20 cannot be constructed in this way).